macOS（m芯片）连接服务器及其进行文件传输的各种方式的详解





说明：使用了macOS后发现，win系统能使用的xshell、xftp等连接服务器及其文件传输等软件均不能使用了，没有兼容的版本。所以我们刚切换到mac系统该如何去适应呢。

一、连接远程服务器
macOS中前文也说道我们使用的是iterm2进行终端控制的，所以连接远程服务器可以通过ssh来连接
方式一：ssh 用户名@公网ip的方式进行连接
缺点：每次都需要输入命令且输入密码来进行登陆，比较繁琐 疑问：有没有一种只输入一次密码就能每次简单登陆的方法呢？
方式二：通过脚本进行登陆
找一个地方创建脚本编辑脚本，内容如下：
#!/usr/bin/expect
set timeout 30
spawn ssh -p [lindex $argv 0] [lindex $argv 1]@[lindex $argv 2]
expect {
"(yes/no)?"
{send "yes\n";exp_continue}
"password:"
{send "[lindex $argv 3]\n"}
}
interact

# 变量说明
# [lindex $argv 0]：端口号
# [lindex $argv 1]：服务器用户名
# [lindex $argv 2]：服务器IP地址
# [lindex $argv 3]：服务器密码

编辑完成给予脚本执行权限
# 文件名字可以随便取
chmod 777 ssh_server.sh

打开iTerm2，打开Preferences配置界面，Profiles -> general，左下角点击+号，新建profile，参考下面图片在对应位置输入内容即可。
Name:根据需求输入，通常选择标识性较强的内容便于区分，例如服务器的IP地址
Command：这里选择login Shell
Send text at start ：填写格式形如A B C D E这样，每一个部分之间用空格隔开，根据自己实际情况填写,下面是对每一部分内容的解释
A代表咱们上面写的本机保存sh脚本的路径：/Users/iterm/ssh_server.sh

B代表服务器端口号一般远程连接端口为：22

C代表服务器用户名一般为：root

D代表服务器IP：根据服务器对外暴露的公网IP填写

E代表服务器密码：根据自己实际的服务器密码填写

设置好之后打开iTerm2，点击profiles，点击前面自己新增的连接远程服务器的profile的名字。首次连接需要输入一次服务器密码，之后再连接就免密码登陆了。
二、文件传输
方式一：通过app去实现文件传输
transmit（mac系统最推荐的，没有之一） 官网收费有点贵，可以通过万能的某宝filezilla等等
方式二：通过lrzsz
给mac以及服务器都装上lrzsz
# mac安装通过homebrew
brew install lrzsz
# Linux系统安装通过yum
yum -y install lrzsz

mac下载iterm2-zmodem
wget https://raw.github.com/mmastrac/iterm2-zmodem/master/iterm2-send-zmodem.sh

wget https://raw.github.com/mmastrac/iterm2-zmodem/master/iterm2-recv-zmodem.sh
# 如果wget notfound
brew install wget

# 如果网络不佳直接去github下载
# https://github.com/robberphex/iTerm2-zmodem

下载下来的两个文件iterm2-recv-zmodem.sh和iterm2-send-zmodem.sh需要修改一下rz和sz的路径因为文件对应的还是原来intel芯片下的mac通过homebrew下载的路径，m芯片homebrew安装路径变了
iterm2-send-zmodem.sh
#!/bin/bash
# Author: Matt Mastracci (matthew@mastracci.com)
# AppleScript from http://stackoverflow.com/questions/4309087/cancel-button-on-osascript-in-a-bash-script
# licensed under cc-wiki with attribution required
# Remainder of script public domain

osascript -e 'tell application "iTerm2" to version' > /dev/null 2>&1 && NAME=iTerm2 || NAME=iTerm
if [[ $NAME = "iTerm" ]]; then
FILE=$(osascript -e 'tell application "iTerm" to activate' -e 'tell application "iTerm" to set thefile to choose file with prompt "Choose a file to send"' -e "do shell script (\"echo \"&(quoted form of POSIX path of thefile as Unicode text)&\"\")")
else
FILE=$(osascript -e 'tell application "iTerm2" to activate' -e 'tell application "iTerm2" to set thefile to choose file with prompt "Choose a file to send"' -e "do shell script (\"echo \"&(quoted form of POSIX path of thefile as Unicode text)&\"\")")
fi
if [[ $FILE = "" ]]; then
echo Cancelled.
# Send ZModem cancel
echo -e \\x18\\x18\\x18\\x18\\x18
sleep 1
echo
echo \# Cancelled transfer
else
# 此处需要修改
# usr/local/bin/sz "$FILE" --escape --binary --bufsize 4096
/opt/homebrew/Cellar/lrzsz/0.12.20_1/bin/sz "$FILE" --escape --binary --bufsize 4096
sleep 1
echo
echo \# Received "$FILE"
fi

iterm2-recv-zmodem.sh
#!/bin/bash
# Author: Matt Mastracci (matthew@mastracci.com)
# AppleScript from http://stackoverflow.com/questions/4309087/cancel-button-on-osascript-in-a-bash-script
# licensed under cc-wiki with attribution required
# Remainder of script public domain

osascript -e 'tell application "iTerm2" to version' > /dev/null 2>&1 && NAME=iTerm2 || NAME=iTerm
if [[ $NAME = "iTerm" ]]; then
FILE=$(osascript -e 'tell application "iTerm" to activate' -e 'tell application "iTerm" to set thefile to choose folder with prompt "Choose a folder to place received files in"' -e "do shell script (\"echo \"&(quoted form of POSIX path of thefile as Unicode text)&\"\")")
else
FILE=$(osascript -e 'tell application "iTerm2" to activate' -e 'tell application "iTerm2" to set thefile to choose folder with prompt "Choose a folder to place received files in"' -e "do shell script (\"echo \"&(quoted form of POSIX path of thefile as Unicode text)&\"\")")
fi

if [[ $FILE = "" ]]; then
echo Cancelled.
# Send ZModem cancel
echo -e \\x18\\x18\\x18\\x18\\x18
sleep 1
echo
echo \# Cancelled transfer
else
cd "$FILE"
# /usr/local/bin/rz --rename --escape --binary --bufsize 4096
/opt/homebrew/Cellar/lrzsz/0.12.20_1/bin/rz --rename --escape --binary --bufsize 4096
sleep 1
echo
echo
echo \# Sent \-\> $FILE
fi

查看路径方法
brew list lrzsz
# 以下是输出结果
/opt/homebrew/Cellar/lrzsz/0.12.20_1/bin/lrb
/opt/homebrew/Cellar/lrzsz/0.12.20_1/bin/lrx
/opt/homebrew/Cellar/lrzsz/0.12.20_1/bin/lrz
/opt/homebrew/Cellar/lrzsz/0.12.20_1/bin/lsb
/opt/homebrew/Cellar/lrzsz/0.12.20_1/bin/lsx
/opt/homebrew/Cellar/lrzsz/0.12.20_1/bin/lsz
/opt/homebrew/Cellar/lrzsz/0.12.20_1/bin/rz
/opt/homebrew/Cellar/lrzsz/0.12.20_1/bin/sz
/opt/homebrew/Cellar/lrzsz/0.12.20_1/share/man/ (2 files)

赋予两个脚本的执行权限
chmod 777 /usr/local/bin/iterm2-*

设置iterm2的触发器
# 设置内容
Regular expression: rz waiting to receive.\*\*B0100
Action: Run Silent Coprocess
Parameters: /usr/local/bin/iterm2-send-zmodem.sh
Instant: checked

Regular expression: \*\*B00000000000000
Action: Run Silent Coprocess
Parameters: /usr/local/bin/iterm2-recv-zmodem.sh
Instant: checked

重启iTerm 2 ，连接上服务器，就能通过rz、sz来上传下载文件了
注意：如果是用expect脚本登录的，无法使用lszrz。上述的脚本连接就是使用的cxpect 解决方式待更新！！！！